TodayArchive12th January
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12th January

All events from this date in history

12
Events
8
Birthdays
5
Deaths

Oswald Boelcke and Max Immelmann become the first German aviators to earn the Pour le Mérite, receive the German Empire's highest military award, for achieving eight aerial victories each over Allied aircraft.

Hauptmann Oswald Boelcke was a German professional soldier and pioneering flying ace credited with 40 aerial victories during World War I. Boelcke is honored as the father of the German fighter air…

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Vietnam War: Operation Chopper, the first American combat mission and first American helicopter assault in the war, takes place.

The Vietnam War was an armed conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia fought between North Vietnam and South Vietnam and their allies. North Vietnam was supported by the Soviet Union and China, while…

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World War II: The Red Army begins the Vistula–Oder Offensive.

The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, often referred by its shortened name as the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Republic and, from 1922, the Soviet Union. The army was…

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World War II: United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt creates the National War Labor Board.

World War II, or the Second World War, was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies and the Axis powers. Nearly all of the world's countries participated, with many engaging in total war…

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The United Nations Security Council votes 11–1 to allow the Palestine Liberation Organization to participate in a Security Council debate (without voting rights).

The United Nations Security Council is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations, and is the United Nations' executive branch, having primary responsibility for the maintenance of…

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The University of the Philippines College of Law is established.

The University of the Philippines College of Law is the law school of the University of the Philippines Diliman. Formally established in 1911 in UP Manila, it is the third oldest…

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Persian Gulf War: An act of the U.S. Congress authorizes the use of American military force to drive Iraq out of Kuwait.

The Gulf War was an armed conflict between Iraq and a 42-country coalition led by the United States. The coalition's efforts were in two phases: Operation Desert Shield, which marked the military…

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Rebels in Zanzibar begin a revolt known as the Zanzibar Revolution and proclaim a republic.

Zanzibar is a Tanzanian semi-autonomous region off the coast of East Africa. It is located in the Indian Ocean, and consists of many small islands and two large ones: Unguja Island and Pemba Island.…

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Yohannes IV is crowned Emperor of Ethiopia in Axum, the first imperial coronation in that city in over 200 years.

Yohannes IV was Emperor of Ethiopia from 1871 to his death in 1889 at the Battle of Gallabat, and king of Tigray from 1869 to 1871. During his reign he successfully defended Ethiopia against a…

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The city of Belém, Brazil is founded on the Amazon River delta by Portuguese captain Francisco Caldeira Castelo Branco.

Belém, often called Belém of Pará, is the capital and largest city of the state of Pará in the north of Brazil. It is the gateway to the Amazon River with a busy port, airport, and bus/coach station.…

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Biafra capitulates, ending the Nigerian Civil War.

Biafra, officially the Republic of Biafra, was a partially recognised state in West Africa that declared independence from Nigeria and existed from 1967 to 1970. Its territory consisted of the former…

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The United States House of Representatives rejects a proposed constitutional amendment to require states to give women the right to vote.

The United States House of Representatives is a chamber of the bicameral United States Congress; it is the lower house, with the United States Senate being the upper house. Together, the House and…

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Ernest Dezentjé
1972Ernest Dezentjé

Ernest Regnard Leonce Dezentjé was a Dutch-Indonesian painter. Dezentjé worked for the office of the auditor general until the 1910s, when he took up painting and began learning…

Roger Scruton
2020Roger Scruton

Sir Roger Vernon Scruton was an English philosopher, writer, and social critic who specialised in aesthetics and political philosophy, particularly in the furtherance of…

Sang Weihan
947Sang Weihan

Sang Weihan (桑維翰), courtesy name Guoqiao (國僑), formally the Duke of Wei (魏公), was a Chinese historian, military general, poet, and politician of the Five Dynasties and Ten…

Pierre de Fermat
1665Pierre de Fermat

Pierre de Fermat was a French magistrate, polymath, and above all, a mathematician who is given credit for early developments that led to infinitesimal calculus, including his…

Ľudovít Štúr
1856Ľudovít Štúr

Ľudovít Štúr, also known as Ľudovít Velislav Štúr, was a Slovak revolutionary, philosopher, politician and writer. He was a leader of the Slovak national revival in the 19th…

George Duke
1946
George Duke
George Martin Duke was an American keyboardist, composer, singer-songwriter and record producer. He worked with numerous artists as arranger, music…
Hamadi Jebali
1949
Hamadi Jebali
Hamadi Jebali is a Tunisian engineer, politician, and journalist who was Prime Minister of Tunisia from December 2011 to March 2013. He was the…
Hande Yener
1973
Hande Yener
Makbule Hande Özyener, known professionally as Hande Yener, is a Turkish singer and songwriter. She made her debut in the early 2000s, and since then…
Jusepe de Ribera
1591
Jusepe de Ribera
Jusepe de Ribera was a Spanish painter and printmaker. Ribera, Francisco de Zurbarán, Bartolomé Esteban Murillo, and the singular Diego Velázquez,…
Nando Reis
1963
Nando Reis
Nando Reis is a Brazilian musician and producer, best known as the former bassist and one of the lead singers of Brazilian rock band Titãs and for…
1914
Mieko Kamiya
Mieko Kamiya was a Japanese psychiatrist who treated leprosy patients at Nagashima Aiseien Sanatorium. She was known for translating books on…
Edmund Burke
1729
Edmund Burke
Edmund Burke was an Anglo-Irish writer, philosopher, and politician who is widely credited as the founder of the cultural and political philosophy of…
Morton Feldman
1926
Morton Feldman
Morton Feldman was an American composer. A major figure in 20th-century classical music, Feldman was an important exponent of indeterminacy in music,…
12th January in History — Oswald Boelcke and Max Immelmann become the first Germa